小型电动遥控直升机制作

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小型电动遥控直升机制作
以下文章是通过google翻译所得:

Little tips about building your own RC helicopter
　     

FlyingRC helicopter is really very exhilarating. Their versatility gives a RCpilot a complete access to the three-dimensional space in such a waythat no other machines can! I have played RC helicopter for more thanone year but still find that I have just learnt a few tricks that itcan perform.

There are generally two micro-helicopters ( indoor) in the RC market. I have already planned to buy one of them as theycan fly inside the living room and even take off on ours hand. Unlikethose operated by gas, these electric helicopters are very clean andgive out no terrible noise at all. In one nightfall, I visited a website, which is about how to make a hand made RC helicopter. I wastotally impressed and started designing my own helicopter. Here is myhelicopter:

小秘诀是关于建立您自己的钢筋混凝土直升机


飞行区局的直升机，实在是非常令人振奋的。他们的多才多艺给出了钢筋混凝土试验一个完整的获得三个三维空间，在这样一种方式没有其他机器可以！我有发挥的钢筋混凝土直升机以上的一年，但仍然觉得我刚才已经学到了一些技巧，它可以执行。

有一般两个微型直升机（室内），在钢筋混凝土市场。我已计划购买其中一人，因为他们可以乘飞机内的客厅，甚至起飞，对我们的手。不像那些经营的气体，这些电动直升机，是很干净，并给予指出并没有可怕的噪音在所有。在一入夜，我访问了一个网站，这是有关如何制作手工钢筋混凝土直升机。我是完全的印象，并开始设计自己的直升机。这里是我的直升机

　　

　　

Theplan of the helicopter had finally been completed. It is not very welldrew. The current plan available is only for the fixed pitch design.Please click the above photo for the plan.

该计划的直升机终于完成。这不是很好的提请。根据目前的计划，可仅适用于固定摊位的设计。请按上述照片的计划。

　　Length            　　410mm
　　Height            　　150mm
　　Flying Weight     　　250g    (include 700mAh battery pack)
　　Control system    　　Hiller control system / fixed pitch
　　Main rotor diameter 　490mm
　　Tail rotor span   　　146mm
　　Transmission rate 　　1:18      (main rotor)
                      　　1:3.5     (tail rotor)
　　Power　　speed         300 motor   (main rotor)
　　tail boom          　　280mm


　　receiver           　　GWS R4P  ( 4 channel, 3.8g )
　　ESC                　　Jeti 05   ( main rotor, 5A, 9g )
                       　　JMP-7   ( tail rotor, 4A, 0.7g )
　　Gyro　               　GWS-PG-03  ( 7g with case )
　　servo　              　Hitec HS-50  * 2 ( 0.09sec/60° , 0.6kg/cm,  5.8g )
　　Battery　            　Sanyo 700mAh * 7  ( 90g )

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Making the main body 决策主体
　　The material that I use to make the main body of the helicopter wouldmake you feel surprise. It is the circuit board ( after removing thecopper layer ) that purchased from electronic shops. It is made of akind of fiber which gives abnormal strength toit.材料认为，我使用，使主体的直升机会令你感到惊讶。这是电路板（后除去铜层）购买电子商店。它是一种纤维，让不正常的实力。

　　

　　The circuit board is cut to the rectangular shape as above(98mm*12mm). As you can see, there is a hole on it which is used tohouse the main shaft holding tube as below:

　　电路板是削减到矩形形状如上（九八毫米* 12毫米） 。你可以看到，有一个洞，它是用来府主井控股管如下：

　　

　　The main shaft holding tube is made from a white plastic tube(5.4mm*6.8mm) and two bearing (3*6) are installed at both ends of thetube. Of course, the ending of the tube are first enlarged in order tohouse the bearing firmly.

　　Up to now, the basic structure ofthe helicopter is completed. The next step is to install the gear aswell as the motor. You can take a look at the specification first. Thegear I used is from Tamiya gear set that I bought long long time ago. Idrill some hole on the gear in order to make it lighter and have abetter look..

　　主井控股管是由白色塑料管（五点四毫米* 6.8毫米）和两个轴承（ 3 * 6 ）安装在两端的管。当然，结束管首先是为了扩大在向内务轴承牢固。

　　到现在为止，基本结构，这架直升机是完成。下一步是要安装齿轮以及汽车。您可以考虑一下规格第一。齿轮我用的是从田宫齿轮组，我买了，只要在很久以前。 i钻一些洞，齿轮，以便使它打火机，有一个更好的看..

　　

　　Would you think it is just too simple? Well, it is really a verysimple design as the tail rotor is powered by a separate motor. Thiseliminates the needs not to construct a complicated power transfer unitfrom the main motor to the tail. The tail boom is simply fixed on themain body by 2 screws together with some epoxyadhesive:你会觉得这是刚才太简单了？好，实在是一个很简单的设计为尾桨是由一个单独的电机。这消除了需要的不是建设一个复杂的权力移交单位从主电机到尾。尾繁荣只不过是固定的主体由二螺钉连同一些环氧胶粘剂：

　　

　　For the landing gear, 2mm carbon robs are used. Totally 4 holes aredrilled on the main body ( each end 2 holes ). 为起落架，2毫米碳失去了使用。完全四洞就钻的主体（每月底2洞） 。

　　

　　All the robs are glued together by instant glue first  and then by epoxy adhesive.

　　The skid set is made from balsa. They are very light and can be shaped easily.

　　所有失去了粘在一起，是透过即时胶水第一，然后由环氧胶粘剂。

　　该防滑设置是由balsa 。他们是很轻，可形容易。

　　

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Making the Swashplate
Swashplateis the most sophisticated part of a RC helicopter.  It seems to be asimple unit of a factory one. However, it is a whole new thing ofmaking one by yourself. Here is my design based on my own littleknowledge about the swashplate. What you needincludes:斜盘式是最先进的一个组成部分钢筋混凝土直升机。这似乎是一个简单的单位，一家工厂之一。不过，这是一个整体的新事物，使一所自己。这里是我设计的基础上我自己的知识甚少，有关斜盘式。您所需要的包括：



    *  1 ball bearing ( 8*12)
    * 1 plastic spacer (8*12)
    * rod end set ( for holding of the aluminum ball in the swashplate )
    * aluminum ball  ( from ball linkage set 3*5.8 )
    * aluminum ring
    * epoxy adhesive


一球轴承（ 8 * 12 ）

一塑胶间隔（ 8 * 12 ）

棒年底成立（持有的铝球，在斜盘式）

铝球（从球的联系，设置3 * 5.8 ）

铝环

环氧胶粘剂
The rod end set has first been cut into a round shape. It is then inserted into the plastic spacer as shown below:
该杆端设置首先被削减为一个圆形。这是然后插入到塑料间隔，如下所示：



Makesure that the aluminum ball placed in the rod end can be moved freely.2 holes were drilled on the plastic spacer in  order to house twoscrews that used to hold the ball linkage.
作出肯定的是，铝球，放置在杆端关节轴承可以提出自由。二洞钻于塑胶间隔，以便向内务两个螺丝用来举行球的联系。



The back of the swashplate背面的斜盘式



Inmy design, the swashplate is fixed on the main shaft. This is simplydone by applying some glue between the aluminum ball and theshaft在我的设计，斜盘式，这是一个固定在主井。这根本是做了一些胶水的应用之间的铝球和轴



#be careful when applying epoxy to this tiny unit or you would get everypart being   glued together.＃时要小心运用环氧树脂，以这个细小的单位或者你会得到每一个部分，正在胶结在一起。

Myinstructions are too confusing? Here is  my draft of the swashplatewhich might help you. I still find that my design is a little bit toocomplex. If you have a better design, please let meknow!我的指示是太混乱？这里是我的草案的斜盘式，这可能会帮助您。我仍然觉得我的设计是一个有点太复杂了。如果您有一个更好的设计，请让我知道了！

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Making the rotor head

　　For the rotor head, I choose the samematerial as the main body - the circuit board. First of all, I have toclaim that the rotor head must be sturdy enough to withstand anyvibration or it could be very dangerous.

　　

　　The control system I used here is the Hiller system. In this simplecontrol system, the cyclic controls are transmitted from the servos tothe flybar only and the main blade cyclic pitch is controlled by theflybar tilt only.

　　The first step is to make the middle part:

　　

　　It is actually a 3mm collar which can be fit into the main shaft. A1.6mm bar is inserted horizontally into the collar. The above unitmakes the rotor head movable in one direction.

　　

　　There are two holes just above the collar which is used to, as you cansee, house the flybar. All the parts that I used was first fixedtogether by instant glue. They are then fixed firmly by tiny screws(1mm*4mm) as shown below. In addition, I add epoxy adhesive. The rotorhead will spinning at very high speed. Never overlook the potential forcausing injury this little machine has if anything got loose. Safety isparamount!

　　

翻译:

使转子头

为转子头，我选择相同的材料为主体-电路板。首先，我要声称转子头部必须坚固足以抵御任何振动或它可以是非常危险的。



控制系统我用在这里是希莱尔制度。在这个简单的控制系统，循环控制传输从伺服到flybar只有和主要刀片循环音高是由flybar倾斜只。

第一步是使中间部分：



它实际上是一3毫米衣领可融入主井。 1一点六毫米酒吧插入横向到衣领。上述单位，使转子头动产在一个方向。



有两个洞只以上的衣领是用来，你可以看到，容纳flybar 。所有零件，我用的第一固定一起透过即时胶水。他们牢牢固定，然后由微小的螺丝（ 1毫米*4毫米）如下所示。此外，我添加环氧树脂胶粘剂。转子头部，将纺纱在非常高的速度。从来没有忽略可能造成损伤这个小机器，如果有任何松动。安全是首要的！

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Making the cyclic control system 使循环控制系统
　　As I mentioned before, the Hiller control system is used in my design.All the cyclic controls are transmitted to the flybardirectly.正如我以前所说，希莱尔控制系统是用来在我的设计。所有循环控制转交给flybar直接。

　　

　　

　　There is a metal bar ironed perpendicularly to the flybar. It holdsthe metal ball of the ball link in position. Here is how the ball linkis made:有一个金属酒吧克服垂直向flybar 。它拥有金属球的球的环节立场。这里是如何球链接是：

　　

　　

　　The rob ends are shortened and a metal bar is used to connected themtogether. the metal bar should be inserted deep into the rob ends andfixed with epoxyadhesive.白俄罗斯共和国目的是缩短和一个金属酒吧是用来连接起来。金属大律师公会应插入，深入到抢完和固定与环氧胶粘剂。

　　

　　In addition to the ball link, an "H" shaped anti-rotating unit is amust for the control system. It helps to keep the ball link inposition. The materials needed are showed in the abovephoto.此外，向球的联系，一个“ H ”型反旋转单位是一个必须为控制系统。它有助于让球的环节立场。所需材料都表明，在上述的照片。

　　

　　

　　In order to stop the lower part of the swashplate from moving, ananti-rotation unit is also needed here. It is simple a small board withtwo pins inserted on it.在以阻止较低部分的斜盘式从行驶中，一反轮换单位也需要在这里。这是简单的一个小局与两针插入它。

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Making the tail rotor  使尾桨
　　The tail rotor consists of a motor, tail blades, tail shaft holdingtube and a blade holder. The tail control is managed by changing theRPM of the tail motor. The drawback of this kind of control system isits sluggish response as the rotor pitch is fixed. However, it makesthe whole design much more simpler and reduces a lot of weight. 使尾桨

该尾桨组成的汽车，尾气叶片，尾轴管控股和刀片持有人。尾部的控制管理，通过改变转速的尾部马达。缺点是这种控制系统是其反应迟缓，作为转子螺距这是一个固定的。不过，它使整个设计更简单，并减少了很多重量。

　　

　　In an ordinary R/C helicopter, the gyro work together with the tailservo. However, in this design, the gyro has to work together with theESC (electronic speed controller). Will this work??? At the beginning,I try this with an ordinary gyro ( the large one for the gashelicopter). The result is really bad that the RPM of the tail rotorchanges from time to time despite the helicopter is standing on thetable. I buy a micro-gyro later which is specially designed for smallelectric helicopters and to my surprise this works great.在一个普通的r/炭直升机，陀螺一起工作的尾巴伺服。然而，在这方面的设计，陀螺已经一起工作，与在ESC （电子调速控制器） 。将这项工作？？？在开始时，我尝试，这与一个普通的陀螺仪（大型一为气体直升机）。结果是真的不好说，每分钟转速的尾桨的变化，不时尽管这架直升机是常委会放在桌上。我买一个微型陀螺后，这是专为小型电动直升机和我的惊讶，这工程的伟大。


　　

　　Here is the measurement of the tail blade. It can be shaped easilyfrom a 2mm thick balsa. the tail blades make an angle of ~9°on theblade holder这里是测量尾部刀片。它可以形成很容易从1毫米厚balsa 。尾部，使叶片的角度〜 9 °对刀片持有人

　　

　　The photo shows all the things that the tail part consists. The twobalsa blades are hold by a hardwood holder which helps to give a fixedtail pitch. It is then secured on the gearwheel by 2 screws. The motoris simply glued on the tail boom by epoxy adhesive and the tail shaftholding tube with the same way on themotor.照片显示，所有的事情，尾部分组成。两个balsa叶片举行，由硬木持有这有助于提供一个固定的尾巴足球场。这是有担保，然后对齿轮2螺丝钉。汽车只不过是粘在尾部景气由环氧胶粘剂及尾轴管与持有同样的方式对汽车。

　　The tail blade is madeof balsa. They are covered with heat shrink tube in order to reduce thefriction between the blade and the air.尾刀片了balsa 。他们是盖热收缩管，以减少摩擦之间的刀片和空气

　　The pitch and the weight of the two blades must be exactly the same.Tests must be performed to ensure that no vibrationoccur.音高和重量两个叶片必须完全相同。测试必须执行，以确保不会发生振动。